Operation theory, also known as queueing theory, is a branch of probability theory and operations research. It is used to mathematically analyze systems in which orders are processed by operator stations. In intralogistics in particular, the queueing system serves as a model for describing material flow systems.

Various aspects are examined in queueing theory, including the waiting times of orders in a queue, the utilization of queueing stations and the efficiency of the overall system. By applying mathematical models, bottlenecks can be identified, throughput times optimized and overall efficiency improved.

A typical example of the application of operation theory is the analysis of logistics centers in which orders (e.g. transport orders for a forklift or retrieval orders for a storage and retrieval machine) have to be processed by different operating stations (e.g. conveyors or assembly stations). By optimizing the operating stations and minimizing waiting times, companies can make their logistics processes more efficient and reduce costs.

Service theory also plays an important role in other areas such as customer service, telecommunications and manufacturing. Wherever orders or requests need to be processed, the principles of queueing theory can be applied to improve the performance and efficiency of the system.

Overall, queueing theory is a valuable tool for analyzing and optimizing systems in which orders are processed by queueing stations. By applying it, companies can optimize their operations and increase their competitiveness.