Closed-loop System

A closed-loop system, often referred to as a control loop system, is a fundamental concept in control engineering that is used to control and regulate processes and systems. In contrast to an open-loop system, in which the output variable is not influenced by the input variable, a closed-loop system contains a feedback loop that compares the output variable with the input variable and takes appropriate corrective action.

The operation of a closed-loop system is based on the principle of feedback, in which the output of the system is measured, compared with the desired setpoint and a control deviation is determined. This control deviation is then used to apply correction signals to the system’s input variables in order to adjust the output to the setpoint and keep the system stable.

Closed-loop systems are used in a variety of fields, including automation, control engineering, process control, robotics and more. They are used to regulate and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, speed, position and other physical quantities in various industrial and technical applications.

A typical example of a closed-loop system is a thermostat in a heating system. The thermostat continuously measures the room temperature (feedback), compares it to the set point and then automatically adjusts the heating output to maintain the room temperature at the desired level.

Using a closed-loop system offers a number of benefits, including improved accuracy, stability and reliability of control. By continuously monitoring and adjusting the system, unwanted deviations can be minimized and precise control of process variables can be achieved.

Overall, closed-loop systems are an essential part of modern control technology and play a crucial role in the control and regulation of processes and systems in a variety of applications. Their use enables precise and efficient control of physical variables and contributes to improving the performance and reliability of technical systems.